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■ Read the letter heavily ■ Nasalize the letter (read Ghunnah) ■ At pause read 'taa' as 'haa' Read the letter with echo sound

[in case of pause or stillness (Sukun)]

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at pause, prolong while connecting and heavily while connecting and lightly while connecting

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at pause, prolong while connecting and heavily while connecting and lightly while connecting

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■ Read the letter heavily ■ Nasalize the letter (read Ghunnah) ■ At pause read 'taa' as 'haa' ■ Read the letter with echo sound

[in case of pause or stillness ( Sukun )]

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a: cause, prolong while connecting and heavily while connecting and lightly while connecting

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[in case of pause or stillness (Sukun)]

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[in case of pause or stillness ( Sukun )]

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at pause, prolong while connecting and heavily while connecting and lightly while connecting

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Read the letter heavily

Nasalize the letter (read Ghunnah) B At pause read ‘taa’ as 'haa' Read the letter with echo sound

[in case of pause or stillness ( Sukun )]

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at pause, prolong while connecting

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I Read the letter heavily H Nasalize the letter (read Ghunnah) ■ At pause read ’taa’ as ’haa' Read the letter with echo sound

[in case of pause or stillness ( Sukun )]

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[in case of pause or stillness ( Sukun )]

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[in case of pause or stillness ( Sukun )]

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at pause, prolong while connecting and heavily while connecting and lightly while connecting

while connecting

‘ArfJdis

Index of Surah

Ay

Page No.

0}LjjL»-£>

Chapter No.

Name of Surah

jU%

CAjj^-
Surah No.

Ay

Page No.

0}lj jU-i

Chapter No.

Name of Surah

jU-«<

dsj^,-

Surah No.

397

20-21

29

2

1

1

405

21

30

3

1-2-3

" ~'Z'\ x Z'*s
4X o-e sjJLJI njy*

2

412

21

31

51

3-4

3

416

21

32

78

4-5-6

$x xx Vx“> f

4

419

21-22

4gjjju« 1

33

107

6-7

£ ^ yy 9

A^^euuJJIs^

5

3 429

22

AOUXoU-** zjy*

34

129

7-8

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6

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22

35

152

8-9

7

441

22-23

36

178

9-10

%^jesirs;^

8

446

23

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37

188

10-11

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23

38

209

11

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23-24

39

222

11-12

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11

468

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%P<**i3itSS

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236

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24-25

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268

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283

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17

503

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294

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507

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306

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28

A*

Page No.

Chapter No.

Name of Surah

jlAi.

Surah No.

/r

Page No.

Chapter No.

(* ll>

Name of Surah

jW~- |

j.

Surah No. j

597

30

86

538

27

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598

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87

543

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58

598

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59

599

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89

550

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S*9\i fi ~S 9 S>

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60

601

30

90

552

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61

601

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91

554

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62

602

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92

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63

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93

557

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64

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65

604

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561

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563

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605

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565

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io Nun (^)): Between the
edge of the tongue and the
gums of thanaya , incisors
and canine teeth is the
makhraj of ‘nun’((^)).

13 Tha , thal , za ( < J?):
Between the tip of the
tongue and the roots of the
two upper central incisors is
the makhraj of ‘tha\ ‘thal’
and ‘za.

ii Ra (J): Between the
upper part of the tip of the
tongue and the gums of the two
upper thanaya and incisors
emerges the letter ‘ra

1 4 Sad , zay , sm
The tip of the tongue near the
inner plates of the upper and
lower central incisors is the
makhraj of ‘sad \ ‘zay ’ & ‘sin

12 Ta , dal , ta
Between the tip of the tongue
and the roots of the two upper
central incisors is the makhraj

of ‘ta ’ (i?), ‘dal ’ (S) & ‘td ’ (Cj).

15 Fa ( ): Between the

inside of the lower lip and the
tips of the upper incisors is
the makhraj of ‘fa

16 Waw, ba , mim Between the two lips is the makhraj of ‘waw\ ‘ba '

and ‘mim

Waw : by circularizing the lips. Ba: By joining the inner moist part of lips.

Mim : By joining the
outer dry part of lips.

17 Ghunnah (j£):
Ghunnah is pronounced
from the root of the nose
(khayshum).

V

Detail of Articulation of letters

Rule: To know the makhraj of any letter put a vowel ‘ ’ (alif) in the beginning of

the letter in still condition, where the sound will stop that will be its makhraj as in
in • ■ vl etc.

1 Waw, yd, alif

These
three letters are
pronounced from
the empty area of
the mouth.

2 Hamzah and ha The deepest part of the throat is the
makhraj of ‘hamzah ’and ‘ha

3 ‘Ayn and ha (O £.): Makhraj of these letters is wast-al-Halaq.

4 Ghayn and kha Makhraj of these letters is adna

al-halaq.

5 QdfiO ): The
makhraj of qaf is the
innermost part of the
tongue next to the
throat along with
what corresponds to
it from the roof of
tongue.

e Kdf(^): The
innermost part of the
tongue towards the
mouth and what
corresponds from
the roof of the mouth
is the makhraj of kaf

7 Jim, shin, yd
The

middle of the
tongue with what
corresponds
from the roof of

the mouth is the

9 Lam ( J ): Between the edge of the
tongue and the gums of the upper front
molars, canine teeth and incisors is the

makhraj of ‘lam ’(J).

8 Dhad (): One
or both edges of the
tongue along with the
upper back molars
are the makhraj of

‘dhad’ Gf).

makhraj of ‘jlm ’,
‘shin ’ and ‘yd ’
when it begins
syllable as the
consonant

The Points of Articulation

Makharij (articulation) is plural of makhraj which means “area of pronunciation”.
Here it means the actual places of articulation. These are subdivided into a total number
of seventeen subsections. Some important terms are given below to make you
understand the articulations easily.

Basic Terms of Articulation:

Human beings have thirty two teeth including twelve teeth and twenty molars.
Following is the detail of them:

1 Thanaya ( ): The four front teeth (upper &

lower).

a- Thanaya ’Ulya (U^hS): The two upper front teeth,
b- Thanaya Sufla (Ji-Xti ): The two lower front teeth.

2 Incisor teeth (Jf ; ): Four upper and lower teeth
on the left and right of thanaya.

3 Canine teeth (-Ao'): Four long and sharp pointed
teeth, located between the incisors and premolars.

4 Premolars (a*-^): The four teeth located
between the canine teeth and the molars.

5 Molars > ): Twelve molars on the left and right of premolars i.e. three on
each side (upper and lower).

6 Nawdjiz ): The last four molars on the left and right of tawahin.

7 Adrds (j-£-' ): All molars are collectively called adras and its singular is dirs.

8 Jawfad-Dahan The empty area of the open mouth.

9 Aqsa Halaq \ ): The deepest part of

throat near to the chest.

10 Adna Halaq (): The nearest part of
the throat (to the mouth).

11 Wasat Halaq ( jUk.) ): The mid-throat
between aqsa al-Halaq and adna al-Halaq.

12 Epiglottis (^ 4 s ): Amoveable flap of cartilage
hanging at the back of the tongue.

13 Edge (a#U. ): The edge of the tongue on the
left or right side.

14 Adna Hafah >' ): That part of the tongue

which touches the premolars.

15 Branchia ( Khayshum (f j^~): The bridge of the nose.

uZ?

All .
the upper
teeth are
used in

[pronunciation
of letters and
from among the
lower teeth, only
Thanaya Sufla are used
in pronunciation.

Pronounce with echo sound (< qalqalah ) the letter of this colour i.e whenever this letter is
sakinah , pronounce it with qalqalah . If the letter is not a sakinah , then in case of pause
pronounce it with qalqalah. In case of pause the letters having the movement (vowel harkat)
of this colour should be pronounced with qalqalah.

Read the letter of this colour heavily, other letters should be read lightly.

Nasalize (pronounce with ghunnah) the letter of this colour, ghunnah is the sound coming
from the nose and is equal to a short vowel, when nun sakinah and tanwin is followed by ‘ba ’
turn it into ‘mim ’ & nasalize.

p * At pause pronounce round ‘ta’as ‘ha \ pronounce it ‘ta ’ if there is not pause.

S' . ^ ^ S' SS 'T 9 s Jp, /// *S S 9 ^ ^

9 , 9 O \ ~S9 IS* • 9 9 S S .9 9 9

9 J>S S s S •« 9S/S S is S 7^ 4 ^ t ** X

juai q&s ^

S k tLrs>9S .S 9 s *s sf<99*9S ss sy 9 s & s

<i>l s^Jtj >* syJ*

<3^5

-• Read rci ’ lightly at a
pause if there is a
circle of this colour
over it, read it heavily
while connecting.

• Don’t prolong
(madd) the last letter
at a pause before the
circle of this colour,
prolong while
connecting it with a
long vowel.

Read the letter ‘rd’
lightly at a pause
and heavily while
connecting it when
there is a circle of
this colour over it.

• Before this circle
don’t nasalize at the
last letter of the word
at a pause, after it if
there is any letter
from the following

then nasalize
with idgharn while
connecting, if there is
‘ba ’ turn it into
‘mim ’ with ghunnah
and if there is not a
guttural letter or any
of above mentioned
letters then
pronounce with
ikhfa

When mim sakinah is
followed by ‘ba \ the
‘mim ’ is concealed.

4 Iqldb : Iqlab refers to the change or turning of nun sakinah (including that of
tanwln ) into mim (*. This occurs when the nun is followed by one letter, ‘ba , '-r l , as

in SjjJ qjc etc.

5 Labial concealment ( Ikhfa’shafawi ): When the mfm sakinah is followed by

‘6d by joining the lips slightly the mlm is concealed by it and ghunnah is retained,
as in etc. All the places of ghunnah have been given the same colour.

■ When stopping on a round ‘ta ’ S of this colour, all vowels and tanwln (including
that of fataha) are omitted and the letter is pronounced ‘ha ’» with sukun as in ifyj into
s yj except at pause it should be pronounced as ‘ta’ S .

Pronounce the letter of this colour with qalqalah (echo sound). The letters of
qalqalah are: a ‘O ■ Iti tajweed terminology qalqalah means the movement

or vibration of the makhraj with the pronunciation of the letters of qalqalah when it is
accompanied by sukun", or pause as in * o* j ‘ • ?$} etc.

• Don’t prolong ( madd) the last letter at a pause before the circle of this colour,
prolong while connecting it with a long vowel, as in ' ... etc.

• Don’t nasalize at the last letter before the circle of this colour at a pause, but
while connecting, nasalize to merge it with any of the following letters: (J < * < ‘<J
as in 0 ‘ QfQ etc. If there is ‘ba ’ turn nun sakinah and

tanwln into mini {iqlab) as in etc. If followed by the letters of

concealment {ikhfa') then pronounce nun sakinah or tanwin with ikhfa', there is no
shaddah over the letter of ikhfa', as in lili Q etc.

Read ‘ra ’ heavily at a pause, if there is a circle of this colour over it. Read ‘ra ’
lightly without pause as in jis. ^ etc. See the practical exercise

on the next page.

• Read ‘ra ’ lightly at pause if there is a circle of this colour over it. Read ‘ra ’
heavily while connecting it with any other letter as in jaLsj etc. See the practical

exercise on the next page.

Method of practical formation and utilization of the rules of Tajweed

It is necessary, rather obligatory to read the Holy Qur’an with correct
pronunciation and due articulation. For this purpose services of qualified teachers
were hired and various methods were also devised. One of those methods is
understanding the rules of Tajweed by means of colours because without knowing
the rules the correct articulation becomes impossible. Quranic letters therefore have
been highlighted with various colours according to the rules of Tajweed and in
footnotes these rules have been explained in Urdu and English in a simple manner. It
is necessary for the readers to memorize the coloured letters and their relating rules of
Tajweed. Start the recitation after recognizing well the colours and understanding the
rules. You may seek guidance from a qualified teacher and put your finger on the text
of the Qur’an while listening attentively to the recitation of well versed Qaris, like
Khalil Husri, ‘Abdul Basit, SiddTq al-Minshawi, Ayub Bermi etc. Listen two or three
times and then read yourself with the help of the colours. In this way, Insha Allah, you
can learn the recitation of the Holy Qur’an without a regular teacher.

Detail of the use of colours:

■ Read the letter printed in this colour heavily. Following are the letters which are
to be read heavily:

as in Jj-lc <■ & etc.

2 The letter ‘lam’ of words ‘Allahu’ 4 I)! and ‘Alldhumma ’ 0 ^jj1 (if fataha or

1 r* • \ 9 '

dhamma appears before it) as in ^tjl <■ ajjl etc.

3 ‘Ra ’ b is read heavily in twelve conditions as in <Oj etc. All these

letters have been coloured, when they are read heavily. Read the other letters lightly

9 9 Sf 9

as in etc.

■ Nasalize at the letter having this colour. Ghunnah is the sound coming from the
nose. Ghunnah is equal to a short vowel. Following are the places of ghunnah:

1 Mushaddad ‘nun ’(£> and ‘mim T as in ‘<jJ, etc.

2 Merger ( Idgham ): After nun sakinah and tanwm if there is a letter from the
following: & O if* t<J then nun sakinah and tanwin are merged with ghunnah , as in

Jr* etc. When ‘mini ’sakinah is followed by another ‘mini ’ it is merged

9 ^ 9 9

into the second mim, which takes on a shaddah indicating idgham as in er MM etc.

3 Concealment (Ikhfd ’ Haqiqi): Nun sakinah or tanwin is pronounced with
ikhfa' whenever it is followed by any of the following fifteen letters i.e. £. ‘O
d<0 . Nun sakinah and tanwin is pronounced with

• 9 9S ? • (9 1 .9 >

ghunnah without a shaddah over the letter of ikhfa' as in etc -

Symbols of Stopping

In the discourse of every language stopping and connecting is duly considered,
because if it is not done so, sometime the meaning of the discourse is changed or
distorted. This phenomenon is expressed by somewhere stopping and somewhere
continuing. In discourse and in writing commas and full stops etc. are used for this
purpose. The Holy Qur’an is the miraculous word of Allah, the Beneficent and the
Merciful, in which there are too many places where if we do not stop duly or stop
unduly, the meanings are changed.

To avoid such drawbacks specific symbols and abbreviations are put in between
or at the end of verses which have been assigned by great interpreters of the Qur’an
and experts of Taj weed in view of the meanings of the Quranic text. Therefore, for the
facility of the reciters of the Qur’an, those symbols and abbreviations along with their
examples are given here so that common people may not commit such mistakes
while reciting or understanding the Quranic text.

O This circle is abbreviation of the word ayat (ij). At the end of ayah a round td
(S) is written which is read as ha (o) in case of stopping as ayah ( Xa ). The letter
ha (b) is considered to be the symbol of stopping which is given as a round
circle ‘O ’. We should stop here.

This is the symbol of compulsory stop. We must stop here, as in the verse:

<. .i> (Al-An ‘dm 6:36) by not stopping at {%

the meanings will be completely changed i.e “ It is only those who listen, will
respond and the dead.”. So we must stop at this symbol.

J L This symbol is abbreviation of preferred stopping (J)' ) and it means making a

stop is preferable, as in the verse: 4 . t

(Al-Kahf: 18:22) stopping at is preferable.

C. This is the symbol of permissible stop. Stopping here is preferable and

continuing is permissible, as in the verse: ^ (Al-

Kahf: 18:13) stopping at is desirable and continuing is permissible.

These two symbols of pause come one after the other. They are called
Mu’anqa (embracing). We should stop at one of them, as in the verse.

Q if (Al-Baqarah 2:2). We should Stop either
or at )- After stopping at one, we have to continue at the latter.

fs. xhis is the abbreviation of preferred continuing ( J 1 )'J-^*) and it means that
continuing is preferable here, as in the verse: { .a^»\(at A* ~ p (Al-
Baqarah 2:5 ) continuing at h- } is preferable.

This is the symbol of permissible stop but preferable to continue and stopping
should be at the end of the next Ayah.

Publisher’s Note

The recitation of the Holy Qur’an is a source of unlimited bounties and blessings and
entails a lot of reward and virtue. Full reward and virtue for the recitation of the Holy Qur’an
is based on following its rules and regulations, manners and principles. To know and learn
the exact method of the recitation of the Holy Qur’an is called Tajweed. It is necessary for
every Muslim that he should be aware of the basic principles of Tajweed. That is why
Darussalam has published a Quranic Primer of its own kind for the students for learning
those basic principles. For the benefit of common people it has also been rendered into
cassettes, Cds and computer software in the voice of renowned and well versed teacher, Qari
Muhammad Idris Asim. Every Muslim who wants to recite the Holy Qur’an properly can
hear it and learn from it to make exact recitation of the Holy Qur’an to get the privilege of
being near to Allah because the foremost demand of the recitation of the Holy Qur ’ an is that it
should be recited in Arabic accent. It is only possible when every letter is pronounced with
best of articulations and properties.

Honourable teachers of Tajweed have been seen marking on paras (parts) with pencil to
identify the letters which are read heavily or lightly and to nasalize so that they should make a
special note for the practice of those letters. To meet this demand we have adopted new
different method by using different colours for different purposes. In comparison to the
various methods adopted so for, by the grace of Allah, the method adopted by us is very
unique, outstanding, compendious, useful and concise. The definitions of basic principles of
Tajweed have been given separately so that they may be helpful for full utilization of colours.
Colour scheme has been given as under:

Only those letters have been highlighted by colours whose correct reading
saves the Qari from committing mistakes in Quranic recitation.

The letters which are always read complete, and the letter ‘Ra and the words
‘Allahu ’ and 4 Allahumma , when they are read complete, have been coloured.

Those letters are also coloured which need ghunnah, qalqalah and ikhfa.

With respect to pause and connection where difference arises by using
ghunnah , ikhfa , madd munfasil and reading ‘Ra’ heavily or lightly, the letters
have been highlighted by putting a sign of circle upon them

Those words which should be read with nun qutni while connecting have
been mentioned in footnotes.

We have tried our level best to beautify the Holy Qur’an with colours according to the
rules of Tajweed and after a great deal of efforts and hard work we are getting the honour of
presenting it to the common people.

May Allah shower His blessings on Qari Muhammad Idris Asim, Qari Ibrahim Mir
Muhammadi, Qari Suhaib Ahmad Mir Muhammadi, Qari Najam-as-Sabeeh, Qari Abdul
Rashid, Muhammad Anwar Awan and the designing team comprising Haroon-ur-Rashid,
Muhammad Naeem, Asad Ali, Zahid Mahmood and Muhammad Shoaib, as they have
completed this noble project with all its intellectual, technical and printing delicacies. The
result of all these efforts is now before you. If you find a human fault any where, please do
inform us, so that it may be corrected in the next edition. In the end I am very grateful to dear
brother Hafiz Abdul Azeem Asad, General Manager Darussalam Lahore, and all those who
cooperated in the completion of this project.

May Allah bless them with his bounties!

ABDUL MALIK MUJAHID

General Manager, Darussalam Al-Riyadh